Joint optimisation of regular and demand-responsive transit services

This study aims to jointly optimise regular and demand responsive transit (DRT) services, which can offer opportunities for leveraging on their respective advantages. An optimisation model with the objective of minimising total travel time passengers fleet size is proposed. The terminal bus stops lines, service area DRT, both DRT are optimised simultaneously. A rule-based preparation step added proposed obtain a reasonable design scheme reduce computational load. solved using tailored boundary-start-based two-step heuristic algorithm. performance mixed network affected by preference decision maker operation mode adopted service. reduction in operational level results considerable increase passengers.